Rise in Syphilis Cases Prompts Health Advisory in Barbados

The number of cases of syphilis is on the rise in Barbados and the Ministry of Health and Wellness is urging people to safeguard their health through safer sexual practices, regular testing and prompt treatment.

According to statistics from the Ministry, there were 14 835 positive tests at the Best dos Santos Public Health Laboratory in 2025 compared to 12 731 the previous year. There were 156 new cases in 2025, up from 107 in 2024.

The majority of the new syphilis cases occurred in the 20-29 age group, accounting for 40.2 per cent in 2024 and 3.8 in 2025. Of that number, 61 per cent were males in 2025, down from 2.1 per cent in 2024.

Public testing has also shown an increase in the syphilis positivity rate, which ranged from 2.1 per cent to 4.1 per cent over the past five years, with an average positivity rate of 2.9 per cent.

“Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that is both preventable and curable, but many people may not realise they are infected as symptoms can be mild or absent in the early stages,” said a release from the Ministry.

“If syphilis is not treated, it can cause serious irreversible long-term health problems, including damage to the brain, heart, and other organs. In pregnancy, untreated syphilis can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, or serious illness in newborns. These outcomes can be prevented through early testing and prompt treatment.”

Syphilis can cause a painless sore at the genitals, anus, or mouth, or a rash later on, often on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet. Other symptoms may include swollen glands or lymph nodes, fever, fatigue, sore throat, or body aches. These signs are often mild, can come and go, or may be mistaken for other conditions. Even if sores or rashes heal on their own, the infection remains and can progress if not treated.

Persons who are sexually active are encouraged to get tested for syphilis, especially if they have new or multiple partners. Testing is simple and available through public and private health services. Using condoms correctly and consistently remains one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections.

A positive test result should be followed up with immediate treatment and recent sexual partners should be informed.

Attending antenatal care early in pregnancy allows early testing and treatment, if necessary, to ensure a healthy baby. Couples are reminded that protecting sexual health is also a shared responsibility.